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Drug Information

Drug Information for ISOFLURANE, USP (HOSPIRA, INC.): DESCRIPTION

Isoflurane, USP, a nonflammable liquid administered by vaporizing, is a general inhalation anesthetic drug. It is 1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether, and its structural formula is:

Some physical constants are:
Molecular weight		184.5
Boiling point at 760 mm Hg		48.5°C (uncorr.)
Refractive index n_D²⁰		1.2990-1.3005
Specific gravity 25°/25°C		1.496
Vapor pressure in mm Hg**	20°C	238
	25°C	295
	30°C	367
	35°C	450
**Equation for vapor pressure calculation:

log₁₀P_vap =	A + B/T	where:	A = 8.056
			B = -1664.58
			T = °C + 273.16 (Kelvin)

Partition coefficients at 37°C
Water/gas	0.61
Blood/gas	1.43
Oil/gas	90.8

Partition coefficients at 25°C - rubber and plastic
Conductive rubber/gas	62.0
Butyl rubber/gas	75.0
Polyvinyl chloride/gas	110.0
Polyethylene/gas	~2.0
Polyurethane/gas	~1.4
Polyolefin/gas	~1.1
Butyl acetate/gas	~2.5
Purity by gas chromatography	>99.9%
Lower limit of flammability in oxygen or nitrous oxide at 9 joules/sec. and 23°C	None
Lower limit of flammability in oxygen or nitrous oxide at 900 joules/sec. and 23°C	Greater than useful concentration in anesthesia.

Isoflurane is a clear, colorless, stable liquid containing no additives or chemical stabilizers. Isoflurane has a mildly pungent, musty, ethereal odor. Samples stored in stability chambers in amber glass for five years, as well as samples directly exposed for 7 days to accelerated light conditions were unchanged in composition as determined by gas chromatography. Isoflurane in one normal sodium methoxide-methanol solution, a strong base, for over six months consumed essentially no alkali, indicative of strong base stability. Isoflurane does not decompose in the presence of soda lime, (at normal operating temperatures), and does not attack aluminum, tin, brass, iron or copper.

Drug Information Provided by National Library of Medicine (NLM).

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